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An investigation of reaction furnace temperatures and sulfur recovery

S. ASADI, M. PAKIZEH, M. POURAFSHARI CHENAR

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2011年 第5卷 第3期   页码 362-371 doi: 10.1007/s11705-011-1106-z

摘要： In a modern day sulfur recovery unit (SRU), hydrogen sulfide (H S) is converted to elemental sulfur using a modified Claus unit. A process simulator called TSWEET has been used to consider the Claus process. The effect of the H S concentration, the H S/CO ratio, the input air flow rate, the acid gas flow of the acid gas (AG) splitter and the temperature of the acid gas feed at three different oxygen concentrations (in the air input) on the main burner temperature have been studied. Also the effects of the tail gas ratio and the catalytic bed type on the sulfur recovery were studied. The bed temperatures were optimized in order to enhance the sulfur recovery for a given acid gas feed and air input. Initially when the fraction of AG splitter flow to the main burner was increased, the temperature of the main burner increased to a maximum but then decreased sharply when the flow fraction was further increased; this was true for all three concentrations of oxygen. However, if three other parameters (the concentration of H S, the ratio H S/CO and the flow rate of air) were increased, the temperature of the main burner increased monotonically. This increase had different slopes depending on the oxygen concentration in the input air. But, by increasing the temperature of the acid gas feed, the temperature of the main burner decreased. In general, the concentration of oxygen in the input air into the Claus unit had little effect on the temperature of the main burner (This is true for all parameters). The optimal catalytic bed temperature, tail gas ratio and type of catalytic bed were also determined and these conditions are a minimum temperature of 300°C, a ratio of 2.0 and a hydrolysing Claus bed.

关键词： Claus unit     concentration of H2S     tail gas ratio     sulfur recovery     catalytic bed    

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Influence of mass air flow ratio on gas-particle flow characteristics of a swirl burner in a 29 MW pulverized

Rong YAN, Zhichao CHEN, Shuo GUAN, Zhengqi LI

《能源前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第1期   页码 68-77 doi: 10.1007/s11708-020-0697-9

摘要： In a gas/particle two-phase test facility, a three-component particle-dynamics anemometer was used to measure the characteristics of gas/particle two-phase flows in a 29 megawatt (MW) pulverized coal industrial boiler equipped with a new type of swirling pulverized coal burner. The distributions of three-dimensional gas/particle velocity, particle volume flux, and particle size distribution were measured under different working conditions. The mean axial velocity and the particle volume flux in the central region of the burner outlet were found to be negative. This indicated that a central recirculation zone was formed in the center of the burner. In the central recirculation zone, the absolute value of the mean axial velocity and the particle volume flux increased when the external secondary air volume increased. The size of the central reflux zone remained stable when the air volume ratio changed. Along the direction of the jet, the peak value formed by the tertiary air gradually moved toward the center of the burner. This tertiary air was mixed with the peak value formed by the air in the adiabatic combustion chamber after the cross-section of / = 0.7. Large particles were concentrated near the wall area, and the particle size in the recirculation zone was small.

关键词： industrial pulverized coal boiler     swirl burner     air/particle flow     particle dynamic analyzer (PDA)    

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Prevention and treatment of pancreatic fistula after pancreatic body and tail resection: current status

Li Jiang, Deng Ning, Xiaoping Chen

《医学前沿（英文）》 2020年 第14卷 第3期   页码 251-261 doi: 10.1007/s11684-019-0727-3

摘要： Postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF) is the most common and critical complication after pancreatic body and tail resection. How to effectively reduce the occurrence of pancreatic fistula and conduct timely treatment thereafter is an urgent clinical issue to be solved. Recent research standardized the definition of pancreatic fistula and stressed the correlation between POPF classification and patient prognosis. According to the literature, identification of the risk factors for pancreatic fistula contributed to lowering the rate of the complication. Appropriate management of the pancreatic stump and perioperative treatment are of great significance to reduce the rate of POPF in clinical practice. After the occurrence of POPF, the treatment of choice should be determined according to the classification of the pancreatic fistula. However, despite the progress and promising treatment approaches, POPF remains to be a clinical issue that warrants further studies in the future.

关键词： pancreatic fistula     pancreatic body and tail resection     distal pancreatectomy    

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Heating energy performance and part load ratio characteristics of boiler staging in an office building

Da Young LEE, Byeong Mo SEO, Yeo Beom YOON, Sung Hyup HONG, Jong Min CHOI, Kwang Ho LEE

《能源前沿（英文）》 2019年 第13卷 第2期   页码 339-353 doi: 10.1007/s11708-018-0596-5

摘要： Commercial buildings account for significant portions of the total building energy in South Korea and thus a variety of research on the boiler operation related to heating energy in office buildings has been carried out thus far. However, most of the researches have been conducted on the boiler itself, i.e., the part load ratio characteristics and the corresponding gas energy consumption patterns are not analyzed in the existing studies. In this study, the part load ratio and the operating characteristics of gas boiler have been analyzed within an office building equipped with the conventional variable air volume system. In addition, the gas consumption among different boiler staging schemes has been comparatively analyzed. As a result, significant portions of total operating hours, heating load and energy consumption has been found to be in a part load ratio range of 0 through 40% and thus energy consumption is significantly affected by boiler efficiency at low part load conditions. This suggests that boiler operation at the part load is an important factor in commercial buildings. In addition, utilizing sequential boiler staging scheme can save a gas usage of about 7%. For annual heating energy saving, applying the sequential control boiler with a 3:7 proportion staging is considered to be the optimal control algorithm for maximum efficiency of boilers.

关键词： EnergyPlus     boiler     part load ratio     gas consumption     office building     boiler staging    

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NICE’s Indirect Coal-to-Liquid Process for Producing Clean Transportation Fuels Using Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis

Omar M. Basha,Li Weng,Zhuo-wu Men,Wayne Xu,Badie I. Morsi

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2016年 第3卷 第4期   页码 362-376 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2016049

摘要： China is currently the world’s top coal consumer and the largest oil importer to sustain its rising economy and meet the mounting demand for transportation fuels. However, the increasing emissions due to the huge fossil fuels consumption, coupled with oil market instability, could derail China’s economic growth and jeopardize its national energy security. To face such a hurdle, China has been aggressively supporting low-carbon businesses opportunuties over the past decade, has recently announced several plans to cap coal utilization, and is currently the biggest investor in clean energy technologies. Coal-to-Liquid (CTL) is one of the most promising clean coal technologies, offering an ideal solution that can meet China’s energy demands and environmental expectations. It is widely known that the Shenhua Group has pioneered and is currently leading the commercialization of the Direct Coal Liquefaction (DCL) process in China. This paper highlights a part of the joint research effort undertaken by the National Institute of Clean-and-Low-Carbon Energy (NICE) and University of Pittsburgh in order to develop and commercialize the Indirect Coal Liquefaction (ICL) process. In this mission, NICE has built and operated an ICL plant including a large-scale (5.8-m ID and 30-m height) Slurry-Bubble-Column Reactor (SBCR) for Fischer-Tropsch synthesis using iron catalyst. The research, conducted at the University of Pittsburgh over the past few years, allowed building a user-friendly Simulator, based on a comprehensive SBCR model integrated with Aspen Plus and is validated using data from the NICE actual ICL plant. In this paper, the Simulator predictions of the performance of the NICE SBCR, operating with iron and cobalt catalysts under four different tail gas recycle strategies: (1) direct recycle; (2) using a Pressure Swing Adsorption (PSA) unit; (3) using a reformer; and (4) using a Chemical looping Combustion (CLC) process, are presented. It should be mentioned also that our joint research effort has laid the foundation for the design of a commercial-scale SBCR for producing one-million tons per annum of environmentally friendly and ultraclean (no sulfur, no nitrogen and virtually no aromatics) transportation fuels, which could greatly contribute to ensuring China’s national energy security while curbing its lingering emission problems.

关键词： Fischer-Tropsch synthesis     tail gas recycle     simulations     process design    

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Pilot-scale studies of domestic wastewater treatment by typical constructed wetlands and their greenhouse gas

Chaoxiang LIU, Kaiqin XU, Ryuhei INAMORI, Yuhei INAMORI, Yoshitaka EBIE, Jie LIAO,

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2009年 第3卷 第4期   页码 477-482 doi: 10.1007/s11783-009-0155-8

摘要： Three typical constructed wetlands (CWs) including Vertical Flow (VF), Free Water Surface (FWS), and Subsurface Flow (SF), and combined VF-SF-FWS constructed wetlands were investigated for the treatment of domestic wastewater with low C/N ratio. The performance of nutrient removal and the characteristics of greenhouse gas emissions, such as CH and NO, from these CWs were compared. The results indicated that the four types of CWs had high removal efficiencies for organic matter and suspended solid (SS). The combined wetland also showed a comparatively good performance for nitrogen and phosphorus removal, and the removal efficiencies for total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) were 81.3% and 84.5%, respectively. The combined CWs had a comparative lower global warming potential. The FWS CW had the highest tendency to emit CH and led to a higher global warming potential among the four types of CWs, which was about 586 mg CO/m·h.

关键词： global warming potential     methane     nitrous oxide     low C/N ratio     nitrogen     phosphorus    

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Experimental evaluation of a 35 kVA downdraft gasifier

Ashok Jayawant Rao KECHE, Gaddale AMBA PRASAD RAO

《能源前沿（英文）》 2013年 第7卷 第3期   页码 300-306 doi: 10.1007/s11708-013-0247-9

摘要： Energy conversion systems based on biomass are particularly interesting because biomass utilization effectively closes the carbon cycle besides achieving self-sustainability. Biomass is particularly useful for highly populated and agriculture dependent economic nations like China and India. A compact and cost effective downdraft gasification system was developed. The present paper describes an experimental investigation on a biomass based gasifier engine system with a capacity of 35 kVA for power generation application. The problem of cooling and cleaning the hot and dirty gas from the gasifier has been satisfactorily solved by the effective cooling and filtration system. The gasifier developed is observed to be operation friendly. The quality of gas was evaluated in terms of its composition, conversion efficiency and total particulate matter. The maximum output of the power plant was obtained at the combustion zone temperature of 850oC. The experimental investigations showed that the percentage reduction in total particulate matter is 89.32%. The conversion efficiency of the biomass gasifier is found to be dependent on the operation conditions and fuel properties of the gasifier. The optimum value of equivalence ratio was observed to be 0.3134 for achieving the maximum gas conversion efficiency of the present gasifier configuration.

关键词： biomass     gasification     producer gas     equivalence ratio     total particulate matter     conversion efficiency of gasifier    

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炉内废气循环气体浓度新模型检测方法研究

沈远胜,刘永杰,王德永,李本文

《中国工程科学》 2005年 第7卷 第5期   页码 70-72

摘要：

通过分析炉内废气循环过程的特点，在一定废气循环量的条件下，建立了炉内废气容积流量与废气循环次数的定量数学关系，建立了废气中氧气浓度与循环次数的定量数学关系。运用数学极限定律，得出氧的极限浓度定量数学公式，以此为基础，建立了助燃剂中氧气的浓度以及可燃混合物中氧气的浓度定量数学关系式。并以此推导出其他成分浓度的计算数学模型，为实际生产过程中不同环节的气体成分检测、分析建立了基础。

关键词： 检测模型     燃烧物     燃烧比     循环炉    

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气体分布板开孔结构对流化干燥滞留率的影响

刘巍,汤文成

《中国工程科学》 2006年 第8卷 第6期   页码 41-43

摘要：

滞留率是确定流化干燥死床点的重要参数。针对气体分布板开直孔和开斜孔的惰性粒子流化床干燥器，以洗衣粉悬浮液为对象，考查了进料量、惰性粒子直径、进风温度、静床高、进风速度以及物料初始浓度对干燥器滞留率的影响，分析了气体分布板开直孔和开斜孔时干燥器滞留率的大小，并以气体分布板开斜孔为例，测定了干燥器的生产能力与板开孔率之间的关系曲线。结果表明，滞留率随进料量和物料初始浓度的提高而增大，随惰性粒子直径、进风温度、静床高和进风速度的提高而减小；若将气体分布板的孔道由直孔改为斜孔，并在此基础上适当增加板的开孔率，可有效降低干燥器的滞留率，提高干燥器的生产能力。

关键词： 惰性粒子     流化干燥     气体分布板     开孔形状     开孔率     滞留率    

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微地震监测技术探究

唐春华,顾广庆

《中国工程科学》 2012年 第14卷 第4期   页码 95-99

摘要：

微地震监测是地球物理学中的一个重要研究方向，它在油田勘探开采等众多领域有广泛的应用。从微地震的形成机理出发，介绍了微地震的发展历程。重点讨论了微地震监测系统的重要组成部分、关键技术和微地震监测的具体实施，最后讨论了微地震未来的发展与趋势。

关键词： 微地震监测     水力压裂     石油天然气     信噪比     事件定位    

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Roles of integrin β3 cytoplasmic tail in bidirectional signal transduction in a trans-dominant inhibition

null

《医学前沿（英文）》 2016年 第10卷 第3期   页码 311-319 doi: 10.1007/s11684-016-0460-0

摘要：

We evaluated the roles of calpain cleavage-related mutations of the integrin β3 cytoplasmic tail in integrin αIIbβ3 bidirectional signaling using a trans-dominant inhibition model. Chimeric Tac-β3 proteins (i.e., Tac-β3, Tac-β3D741, Tac-β3D747, Tac-β3D754, Tac-β3D759, and Tac-β3DNITY) consisting of the extracellular and transmembrane domains of human IL-2 receptor (Tac) and the human integrin β3 cytoplasmic domain were stably expressed in the 123 CHO cells harboring human glycoprotein Ib-IX and wild-type integrin αIIbβ3. The different cells were assayed for stable adhesion and spreading on immobilized fibrinogen, and for binding soluble fibrinogen representing outside-in and inside-out signaling events, respectively. The chimeric protein Tac-β3 inhibited, and Tac-β3DNITY partially attenuated stable adhesion and spreading. Tac-β3, Tac-β3D759, Tac-β3DNITY, and Tac-β3D754, but not Tac-β3D747 or Tac-β3D741, impaired the soluble fibrinogen binding. Results indicated that the bidirectional signaling was significantly inhibited by Tac-β3 and Tac-β3DNITY, albeit to a much lesser extent. Moreover, only inside-out signaling was impaired in the 123/Tac-β3D759 and 123/Tac-β3D754 cells in contrast to an intact bidirectional signaling in the 123/Tac-β3D747 and 123/Tac-β3D741 cells. In conclusion, the calpain cleavage of integrin β3 resulted in the regulatory effects on signaling by interrupting its interaction with cytoplasmic proteins rather than altering its conformation, and may thus regulate platelet function.

关键词： integrin β3     signal transduction     trans-dominant inhibition model    

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油压极值比与极值比效率

齐茂林

《中国工程科学》 2001年 第3卷 第4期   页码 73-75

摘要：

文章应用基础公式，推导液压系统油压极值比与极值比效率之间的关系式。该式说明，油压极值比越大，极值比效率就越低。提出了油压极值比是可以设计和选择的。

关键词： 油压极值比     极值比效率     液压系统    

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Head-to-tail cyclization of a heptapeptide eliminates its cytotoxicity and significantly increases its

Shuai Ma, Huan Zhang, Xiaoyan Dong, Linling Yu, Jie Zheng, Yan Sun

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2018年 第12卷 第2期   页码 283-295 doi: 10.1007/s11705-017-1687-2

摘要： Amyloid- (A ) protein aggregation is the main hallmark of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Inhibition of A fibrillation is thus a promising therapeutic approach to the prevention and treatment of AD. Recently, we designed a heptapeptide inhibitor, LVFFARK (LK7). LK7 shows a promising inhibitory capability on A fibrillation, but is prone to self-assembling and displays high cytotoxicity, which would hinder its practical application. Herein, we modified LK7 by a head-to-tail cyclization and obtained a cyclic LK7 (cLK7). cLK7 exhibits a different self-assembly behavior from LK7, and has higher stability against proteolysis than LK7 and little cytotoxicity to SH-SY5Y cells. Thermodynamic analysis revealed that both LK7 and cLK7 could bind to A by electrostatic interactions, hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interactions, but the binding affinity of cLK7 for A ( = 4.96 µmol/L) is six times higher than that of LK7 ( = 32.2 µmol/L). The strong binding enables cLK7 to stabilize the secondary structure of A and potently inhibit its nucleation, fibrillation and cytotoxicity at extensive concentration range, whereas LK7 could only moderately inhibit A fibrillation and cytotoxicity at low concentrations. The findings indicate that the peptide cyclization is a promising approach to enhance the performance of peptide-based amyloid inhibitors.

关键词： Alzheimer’s disease     amyloid β-protein     cyclic peptide     inhibition     protein aggregation    

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ShortTail：降低纠删码内存存储系统的尾部延迟 Research Article

滕云1,3,李之悦2,4,黄晶1,3,张广艳2,4

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第23卷 第11期   页码 1646-1657 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.2100566

摘要：

为获得高性能和高数据可用性，基于纠删码的内存存储系统得到广泛应用。然而，随着集群规模不断增长，服务器级别的性能降级问题出现得越来越频繁，进而导致长尾延迟。在基于纠删码的系统中，由于一个纠删码操作可能依赖于多个子操作的同步完成，长尾延迟的影响被进一步放大。本文提出一种称为ShortTail的基于纠删码的内存存储系统，该系统可实现稳定的性能和较低的读写延迟。首先，ShortTail使用轻量请求监视器监测每个内存节点性能，以便及时发现性能降级节点。其次，ShortTail选择性执行降级读操作和重定向写操作，以避免访问性能降级节点。最后，ShortTail采用一种自适应写策略降低小写请求的写放大程度。本文在Memcached上实现了ShortTail，并将其与两个系统进行比较。实验结果表明，ShortTail最高可降低63.77%的99分位延迟，且显著改善中位延迟和平均延迟。

关键词： 纠删码；内存存储系统；节点性能降级；小写请求；尾部延迟    

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Controlling interstory drift ratio profiles via topology optimization strategies

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第2期   页码 165-178 doi: 10.1007/s11709-022-0892-3

摘要： An approach to control the profiles of interstory drift ratios along the height of building structures via topology optimization is proposed herein. The theoretical foundation of the proposed approach involves solving a min–max optimization problem to suppress the maximum interstory drift ratio among all stories. Two formulations are suggested: one inherits the bound formulation and the other utilizes a p-norm function to aggregate all individual interstory drift ratios. The proposed methodology can shape the interstory drift ratio profiles into inverted triangular or quadratic patterns because it realizes profile control using a group of shape weight coefficients. The proposed formulations are validated via a series of numerical examples. The disparity between the two formulations is clear. The optimization results show the optimal structural features for controlling the interstory drift ratios under different requirements.

关键词： interstory drift ratio     aggregation function     bound formulation     min–max problem     topology optimization    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

An investigation of reaction furnace temperatures and sulfur recovery

S. ASADI, M. PAKIZEH, M. POURAFSHARI CHENAR

期刊论文

Influence of mass air flow ratio on gas-particle flow characteristics of a swirl burner in a 29 MW pulverized

Rong YAN, Zhichao CHEN, Shuo GUAN, Zhengqi LI

期刊论文

Prevention and treatment of pancreatic fistula after pancreatic body and tail resection: current status

Li Jiang, Deng Ning, Xiaoping Chen

期刊论文

Heating energy performance and part load ratio characteristics of boiler staging in an office building

Da Young LEE, Byeong Mo SEO, Yeo Beom YOON, Sung Hyup HONG, Jong Min CHOI, Kwang Ho LEE

期刊论文

NICE’s Indirect Coal-to-Liquid Process for Producing Clean Transportation Fuels Using Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis

Omar M. Basha,Li Weng,Zhuo-wu Men,Wayne Xu,Badie I. Morsi

期刊论文

Pilot-scale studies of domestic wastewater treatment by typical constructed wetlands and their greenhouse gas

Chaoxiang LIU, Kaiqin XU, Ryuhei INAMORI, Yuhei INAMORI, Yoshitaka EBIE, Jie LIAO,

期刊论文

Experimental evaluation of a 35 kVA downdraft gasifier

Ashok Jayawant Rao KECHE, Gaddale AMBA PRASAD RAO

期刊论文

炉内废气循环气体浓度新模型检测方法研究

沈远胜,刘永杰,王德永,李本文

期刊论文

气体分布板开孔结构对流化干燥滞留率的影响

刘巍,汤文成

期刊论文

微地震监测技术探究

唐春华,顾广庆

期刊论文

Roles of integrin β3 cytoplasmic tail in bidirectional signal transduction in a trans-dominant inhibition

null

期刊论文

油压极值比与极值比效率

齐茂林

期刊论文

Head-to-tail cyclization of a heptapeptide eliminates its cytotoxicity and significantly increases its

Shuai Ma, Huan Zhang, Xiaoyan Dong, Linling Yu, Jie Zheng, Yan Sun

期刊论文

ShortTail：降低纠删码内存存储系统的尾部延迟

滕云1,3,李之悦2,4,黄晶1,3,张广艳2,4

期刊论文

Controlling interstory drift ratio profiles via topology optimization strategies

期刊论文